What is a solar PV system?

Otherwise known as a photovoltaic system, a solar PV system is a form of renewable energy technology, that converts energy from the sun into usable electricity.

Generally, solar PV systems are made up of panels that are situated on the top of your roof, however, they can also be installed on the ground, or as solar tiles.

Solar PV cells, usually consist of a material like silicon. When light shines on the cells, it creates an electric field across the layers, allowing a flow of electricity to be generated. Although the cells can produce an adequate amount of electricity without direct sunlight, sunnier days will undoubtedly result in more electricity.

For the generated electricity to be usable, the direct current needs to be converted into an alternating current. Once this is completed by an inverter, the AC electricity passes through a generation meter, which records how much electricity has been created. After passing through the consumer unit, the electricity is either fed into the property or sent back to the national grid, via the electricity meter.

As solar power systems, make use of clean, pure energy from the sun, it is a source of green, renewable energy. Therefore, by installing solar panels on your roof, you are helping to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions.

Once you have dealt with the initial cost of solar panels, you will have the opportunity to save money on your energy bills. This is because you are generating energy self-sufficiently, instead of relying on a supplier.

Several years ago, the feed-in tariff meant that households were paid for every unit of electricity generated. However, in January 2020, the government introduced a new scheme, known as the smart export guarantee, whereby households only received money for the energy they exported back to the national grid. While the latest government scheme is not as generous, it is still a great way to make money back on your long-term investment.

One of the main factors that could hinder the installation of solar panels, is space. Ideally, for solar panels to function at their best, they require a south-facing roof of 10-20 square metres, which has a tilt of between 30-40 degrees. It is possible that east or west-facing roofs could be considered, however, solar panels are not recommended for north-facing roofs. Before installing solar panels, you should also ensure that there are no buildings, trees or chimneys shading your roof, as this will negatively impact your system’s performance.

Although solar panels fall within permitted development, it is still wise to check with your local authority to confirm there are no limits or restrictions applicable to your property.

Due to a reduction in manufacturing costs and increased competition, solar panels have lowered in price. On average, you can now get a solar PV system installed on your roof for between £4,000 to £6,000.